Director's & Officer's Insurance

In today’s business climate of corporate transparency and accountability, an organization’s directors and officers face a myriad of employment-related exposures.

In the wake of unprecedented corporate scandals in recent years, clearly the trend of corporate accountability applies to large corporations. But privately held companies, including nonprofits, are not exempt from litigation arising out of the management decisions of their boards. They, too, are at risk.

The answer is Director’s & Officer’s Insurance.

Regardless of your company’s size, the legal cost to defend a director is substantial, as are the potential personal penalties.

Due to the personal liability risk—which is not covered under a personal insurance policy—protecting boardroom talent can be a challenge. To help ensure both your officers’ and company’s well-being, a directors’ and officers’ liability insurance (D&O) policy is part of a comprehensive risk financing strategy.

Unlike a commercial general liability policy that provides coverage for claims arising from property damage and bodily injury, a Director’s & Officer’s (D&O) policy specifically provides coverage for a “wrongful act,” such as an actual or alleged error, omission, misleading statement, neglect or breach of duty.

For example, a manufacturer told one of its suppliers to increase inventory because they were expecting a large increase in production. As predicted, demand for the manufacturer’s product grew, but the manufacturer increased its inventory with another vendor. The original supplier successfully sued the manufacturer, alleging they suffered damages as a result of having relied on the manufacturer’s promise.

A D&O policy provides defense costs and indemnity coverage to the entity listed on the policy declarations, which may include the following:

Coverage for individual directors and officers
Reimbursement to the organization for a contractual obligation to indemnify directors and officers that serve on the board
Protection for the organization or entity itself

Indemnification provisions are typically included in the charter or bylaws of a corporation. While an important risk component, small to midsize privately held companies or nonprofit organizations often do not have the financial resources to fund the indemnity provisions, making the bylaws hollow. A D&O policy can provide an extra blanket of security in the event of a covered loss.

A “fraud” exclusion is typically included in a D&O policy, which eliminates coverage for losses due to dishonest or fraudulent acts or omission, or willful violations of any statute, rule or law.

D&O coverage can be tailored to your needs, but be aware that D&O carriers are not consistent with their policy forms. This fact, plus the complexity of D&O claims, requires the carrier to have market commitment and deep expertise, as well as the financial resources to handle potential claims.

There are also additional forms of coverage to protect directors and officers, including the following:

Entity coverage
Payment priority for insured persons
Severability of the insured as well as severability of the application
Coverage over time, meaning coverage responds to past, present and future directors and officers
Pay on behalf clause
Duty to defend clause

In addition, some D&O polices can be endorsed to provide employment practices liability (EPL) coverage and/or fiduciary liability.

While Employment Practices Liability (EPLI) endorsements under a D&O policy broaden coverage, they often do not provide a duty to defend clause and are subject to a substantial deductible. Many EPL endorsements do not provide for a separate limit of liability in addition to the limit available under the D&O policy. If the D&O limit is reduced or exhausted by payment of an employment practices claim involving the wrongful conduct of an employee, a director’s or officer’s personal assets may be at risk.
Fiduciary liability provides coverage for liabilities arising out of ERISA, where fiduciaries are personally liable for losses to a benefit plan incurred because of alleged errors, omissions, or breach of their fiduciary duties.

Who can bring a D&O lawsuit? According to St. Paul Travelers, statistics show that shareholders and employees are the most likely groups to sue private companies. Other parties may include corporations against themselves, and a variety of third parties, such as competitors, creditors and regulatory bodies.

A D&O policy provides defense costs and indemnity coverage to the entity listed on the policy declarations, which may include the following:

Coverage for individual directors and officers
Reimbursement to the organization for a contractual obligation to indemnify directors and officers that serve on the board
Protection for the organization or entity itself

A Director’s & Officer’s Insurance policy can provide an extra blanket of security in the event of a covered loss.